Planning Implementing and Evaluating Health Promotion Programs A Primer 7th Edition Test Bank
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Planning, Implementing, & Evaluating Health Promotion
Programs, 7e (McKenzie)
Chapter 4 Assessing Needs
1) In the program
planning process, the group who will be served is referred to as the
1.
A) key informants.
2.
B) pilot population.
3.
C) priority
population.
4.
D) general population.
Answer: C
2) The process by
which those who are planning programs can determine what health problems might
exist in any population is called
1. A) survey.
2. B) evaluation.
3. C) research.
4. D) assessment.
Answer: D
3) Administering
surveys, facilitating focus groups, and conducting interviews are examples of
1. A) primary data collection.
2. B) secondary data collection.
3. C) tertiary data collection.
4. D) statistical data collection.
Answer: A
4) What type of data
collection is most likely to be timely and expensive?
1.
A) Primary
2.
B) Secondary
3.
C) Tertiary
4.
D) Statistical
Answer: A
5) Which of the
following is NOT an important question for a needs assessment?
1.
A) What is the cost of
the needs?
2.
B) Who is the priority
population?
3.
C) Where are any
subgroups located geographically?
4.
D) What is currently
being done to resolve identified needs?
Answer: A
6) Which of the
following is NOT an example of primary data obtained through observation?
1.
A) Windshield tours
2.
B) Walk-throughs
3.
C) Photovoice
(participatory data collection)
4.
D) Individual surveys
Answer: D
7) Which is a main
goal of Photovoice?
1.
A) To enable people to
record and reflect on their community’s strengths and concerns
2.
B) To audio record the
oral history of a community
3.
C) To highlight the
key community members on tape
4.
D) To document
preconceived ideas about the community
Answer: A
8) Telephone
interviews
1. A) have only one reliable method of selecting
participants.
2. B) can use random digit dialing.
3. C) are quite expensive compared to other
methods.
4. D) make it easier to reach participants than
other methods.
Answer: B
9) Funding that is
earmarked or dedicated to a specific health problem or determinant is termed
1. A) research funding.
2. B) strategic funding.
3. C) categorical funding.
4. D) temporary funding.
Answer: C
10) The American
Cancer Society and the American Heart Association are examples of
1. A) federal agencies.
2. B) fee-for-service organizations.
3. C) non-governmental agencies.
4. D) research arms of the CDC.
Answer: C
11) One source of
secondary data about substance abuse and mental health is
1. A) SAMHSA.
2. B) US Census Bureau.
3. C) NCI.
4. D) EPA.
Answer: A
12) Examples of
health-focused data bases include all of the following EXCEPT
1. A) Cumulative Index to Nursing & Allied
Health Literature (CINAHL).
2. B) Medline.
3. C) PsycINFO.
4. D) ERIC.
Answer: D
13) HIAs are based on
four values, which of the following is NOT one of the values?
1. A) Democracy
2. B) Equity
3. C) Multiculturalism
4. D) Ethical Use of Evidence
Answer: C
14) Which of the
following is NOT a step to increase the accuracy of self-reported data?
1. A) Conduct a pilot study
2. B) Employ multiple methods
3. C) Use experimental groups only
4. D) Use multiple measures
Answer: C
15) Data already
collected by someone else are considered secondary data.
Answer: TRUE
16) Secondary data are
often quite expensive to access.
Answer: FALSE
17) Key informants are
strategically placed individuals who have knowledge and the ability to report
on the needs of those in the priority population.
Answer: TRUE
18) The Nominal Group
Process is highly structured.
Answer: TRUE
19) A good needs
assessment considers both the needs identified by the planners and the concerns
of the target population.
Answer: TRUE
20) The Basic Priority
Rating Process (BPR) is a method to quantify the subjective process of
prioritizing.
Answer: TRUE
21) A community forum
involves a moderator who encourages those present from the priority population
to share their concerns with others.
Answer: TRUE
22) One disadvantage
of collecting secondary data is that a needs assessment instrument must to be
developed.
Answer: FALSE
23) A windshield tour
is a type of unobtrusive observation to look for indicators of community health
and well-being.
Answer: TRUE
24) A benefit of using
focus groups to collect needs assessment data is that they are very easy to
conduct.
Answer: FALSE
25) The Delphi
Technique is usually carried out in a room where planners and people from the
target population sit down face-to-face to discuss needs.
Answer: FALSE
26) Why is assessing
the needs of the priority population possibly the most critical step in the
planning process?
Answer: It
provides objective data to define important health problems, it sets priorities
for program implementation, and it establishes a baseline for evaluating
program impact.
27) What are three of
the nine questions Petersen & Alexander and NACCHO suggest that a needs
assessment should answer?
Answer:
(any three of the following):
Who makes up the
priority group?
What are the needs of
the priority population?
Why do these needs
exist?
What factors create or
determine the need?
Which subgroups within
the priority population have the greatest need?
Where are these
subgroups located geographically?
What resources are
available to address the needs?
What is currently
being done to resolve identified needs?
How well have the
identified needs been addressed in the past?
28) Name three types
of opinion leaders and three of their common characteristics.
Answer: (any
three of the following types and characteristics):
Types: political
figures, CEOs, union leaders, administrators of school districts, and other
highly visible and respected individuals
Characteristics:
They are discriminating users of the media, may be demographically similar to
the priority population, are knowledgeable about community issues and concerns,
are often early adopters of innovative behavior, and are apt to be active in
persuading others to become involved in innovative behavior.
29) Explain the
difference between primary and secondary data, and give three sources for each.
Answer: Primary
data are those data you collect yourself that answer unique questions related
to your specific needs assessment. Examples include single-step or
cross-sectional surveys, multistep surveys, community forums, focus groups,
nominal group process, observation, self-assessments.
Secondary data are
those data already collected by somebody else and available for your immediate
use. Examples include data collected by government agencies such as the US
Department of Commerce, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, or state
and local agencies as well as data from existing records and from the
literature.
30) List, in order,
the six steps to conduct a needs assessment.
Answer:
Determining the purpose and scope
Gathering data
Analyzing data
Identifying the
factors linked to health problem
Identifying the
program focus
Validating the need
31) Explain the
difference between single step and multi step surveys and give an example of
each.
Answer: Single
step surveys are a means of collecting primary data from the target population
where they are only contacted once. An example would be a written
questionnaire.
Multi step surveys
require contacting those in the target population several times to collect the
necessary data. An example is the Delphi Technique.
32) Define the term
opinion leader and list three traits of an opinion leader.
Answer: Opinion
leaders are individuals who are well respected in a community and who have an
overall view of its needs. Three traits of opinion leaders are that they
are active users of the media, they are knowledgeable about community issues,
and they are early adopters of innovative behavior.
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